Iraq's Shiite holy shrines: the spiritual centers that also shape the country's security landscape
SULAIMANI, Kurdistan Region of Iraq —By Dr. Pshtiwan Faraj | Kurdish Policy Analysis Beyond their religious significance, Iraq's five major Shiite shrines operate under distinct security arrangements involving state forces, shrine-affiliated units, and local protection structures. Iraq's five major Shiite holy shrines are not only centers of pilgrimage but also key elements of the country's unique security architecture. Iraq's Shiite holy shrines—known as Atabat —are among the most important religious sites in the Islamic world, attracting millions of pilgrims each year from Iraq and abroad. While these sacred sites are best known for their spiritual significance, they also occupy a unique place within Iraq's security architecture, with different shrines protected by a combination of state institutions, shrine-affiliated formations, and local security departments. The Five Major Shiite Shrines in Iraq Iraq is home to five principal Shiite shrines, each associa...