Trump and Xi Jingping summit: How are the United States and China redefining their relationship?

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As tensions over trade, Taiwan, technology, and global influence intensify, the meeting between Donald Trump and Xi Jinping may determine the future balance of power between Washington and Beijing. By Dr. Pshtiwan Faraj | Sulaimani, Iraq | 13 May 2026 — Kurdish Policy Analysis "We don't have permanent allies and we don't have permanent enemies, only our interests are permanent, and we have to follow them." – Henry John Temple. The root of the current Strait of Hormuz tensions is not only about shipping routes or oil prices, but also about the final collapse of the historical US concept towards Beijing. However, the 2025 National Security Strategy, released by the White House in November, says this was a historic mistake because China used the assets it accumulated to strengthen itself and compete with the West, not to become their partner. For many years, the United States alone maintained maritime security; The fifth US ship in Manama, Bahrain, worked only to keep o...
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Kurdistan’s Tourism Sector Hit Hard as Iran Tensions Drain Hotels, Restaurants

Industry groups warn of mounting losses as conflict-linked fears slash visitor numbers, pushing businesses to seek urgent government relief.

Hotels and restaurants in Kurdistan face heavy losses as Iran-related tensions cut tourism, prompting calls for tax relief and government support.


ERBIL/Kurdish Policy Analysis / SULAYMANIYAH, Iraq —— Hotels and restaurants across Iraq’s Kurdistan Region are reporting significant financial losses as heightened tensions linked to Iran deter tourists and disrupt one of the region’s key economic sectors.

Industry representatives say the downturn has sharply reduced visitor numbers, forcing some businesses to shut down and prompting urgent appeals for government support.

Losses mount in Erbil

According to Shukr Aziz, vice president of the Erbil Hotels and Restaurants Association, nearly all establishments in the sector have been affected.

The association is expected to meet with the governor of Erbil to present data on financial damage and request exemptions from electricity and service taxes.

Sulaimani businesses seek relief

In Sulaymaniyah, business owners are facing similar pressures. Mahmoud Tofiq said the association has formally requested a two-month exemption on rents for both public and private properties.

He added that high electricity costs have left some hotel operators with debts ranging from 18 to 20 million Iraqi dinars, with requests for payment installments reportedly denied.

Sector-wide impact

Official data from the Kurdistan Regional Tourism Board shows the scale of the industry: more than 3,000 tourist sites operate across the region, including hundreds of hotels, motels, and over 1,000 restaurants.

In Sulaymaniyah alone, around 2,400 tourism-related businesses exist, many of which have been forced to suspend operations amid declining demand.

Signs of fragile recovery

Despite the downturn, some signs of recovery are emerging. Industry officials say small groups of domestic tourists from central and southern Iraq have begun returning in recent days.

Currently, visitors are concentrated in roughly 30 to 40 hotels in Sulaymaniyah, suggesting a limited but gradual rebound after weeks of disruption.

Economic stakes

Tourism remains a critical revenue source for the Kurdistan Region. Estimates suggest domestic visitors spend between $250 and $300 per trip, while international tourists can spend significantly more.

The recent decline has therefore translated into substantial lost income, intensifying pressure on businesses already grappling with high operating costs.

Industry leaders warn that without swift government intervention—including tax reductions and energy cost relief—more closures could follow, deepening the economic impact of regional instability.

The Future of Tourism in Iraqi Kurdistan region

 Iraqi Kurdistan’s tourism sector is not just facing a downturn—it is undergoing a structural transformation driven by geopolitics.

For years, the region marketed itself as a rare island of stability in a volatile Middle East. That stability is now being tested, not only by internal fragility but by escalating tensions involving Iran.

The immediate impact is clear: fewer tourists, shuttered hotels, and rising financial stress across the hospitality sector. But the deeper shift is more consequential. Tourism in the Kurdistan Region is no longer purely economic—it is increasingly political.

Security incidents, particularly cross-border strikes, have amplified risk perception. In tourism, perception often matters more than reality. A single headline can deter thousands of potential visitors.

The result is a rapid contraction in international tourism, especially from neighboring countries. What remains is a narrower, more fragile base: domestic Iraqi travelers and short-term visitors less sensitive to regional tensions.

This shift carries long-term implications. High-end investments—luxury hotels, resorts, and large-scale tourism infrastructure—depend on stability and predictability. Both are now in question.

At the same time, the sector is being squeezed internally. Businesses face high electricity costs, taxes, and limited government support, even as revenues decline. Without intervention, closures are likely to accelerate.

Yet the sector is unlikely to collapse entirely. Kurdistan has shown resilience before, rebounding after conflict, economic shocks, and the pandemic. But recovery this time may look different.

Instead of a regional tourism hub, Kurdistan risks becoming a fallback domestic destination—more dependent on internal flows, less attractive to international markets, and more exposed to political shocks.

The real test now is not whether tourism survives—but whether policymakers can adapt its model to a more uncertain geopolitical environment.

#Kurdistan #Iraq #Tourism #Economy #Iran #Geopolitics #Erbil #Sulaimani #MiddleEast #Business


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