Trump and Xi Jingping summit: How are the United States and China redefining their relationship?

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As tensions over trade, Taiwan, technology, and global influence intensify, the meeting between Donald Trump and Xi Jinping may determine the future balance of power between Washington and Beijing. By Dr. Pshtiwan Faraj | Sulaimani, Iraq | 13 May 2026 — Kurdish Policy Analysis "We don't have permanent allies and we don't have permanent enemies, only our interests are permanent, and we have to follow them." – Henry John Temple. The root of the current Strait of Hormuz tensions is not only about shipping routes or oil prices, but also about the final collapse of the historical US concept towards Beijing. However, the 2025 National Security Strategy, released by the White House in November, says this was a historic mistake because China used the assets it accumulated to strengthen itself and compete with the West, not to become their partner. For many years, the United States alone maintained maritime security; The fifth US ship in Manama, Bahrain, worked only to keep o...
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Rebuilding the Shield: How the KRG Can Unify Peshmerga Defense Force Amid Wartime Challenges?

 From doctrine to drones, Kurdistan’s path to a professional, apolitical military could redefine regional stability.


ERBIL, (Kurdish Policy Analysis)— As tensions rise across the Middle East, the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) is embarking on an unprecedented effort to unify and rebuild the Peshmerga forces, aiming to establish a professional defense system capable of safeguarding Iraqi Kurdistan. Analysts and military insiders say this initiative represents a strategic pivot toward a nationalized, apolitical military framework, guided by a consolidated military doctrine.

A robust defense force, experts say, requires more than personnel and equipment—it demands comprehensive planning across legal, political, and operational spheres. The KRG’s roadmap for the Peshmerga includes legal frameworks that define roles and responsibilities, strategic planning that identifies threats, and adherence to international law. Political support from government officials, tribal leaders, and community representatives is being emphasized to ensure the force reflects the region’s diverse population.

Recruitment and training are central to the reform. Transparent processes aim to select committed volunteers while shielding forces from partisan influence. Training programs will not only focus on tactics and physical readiness but also on moral conduct, human rights, and adherence to the rule of law. Military industrialization—a field largely neglected in the past three decades—is being proposed to enable local production of weapons and technology, reducing dependency on external suppliers.

The Peshmerga defense system incorporates intelligence, surveillance, and border security, alongside rapid response units and counterterrorism measures. Experts note that coordination with the federal Iraqi Defense Forces and regional allies will be essential for addressing cross-border threats. Technology, including drones and smart weaponry, is highlighted as a force multiplier, while civil defense and public awareness programs are intended to create a security-conscious citizenry.

At the strategic level, military doctrine underpins these reforms. “Doctrine is not just a set of rules—it’s the ideological backbone of the defense force,” said a senior military advisor familiar with the KRG plan. NATO defines doctrine as the sum of principles guiding forces to accomplish tasks; for the Peshmerga, it means transforming fragmented militias into a unified, professional army capable of defending Kurdish and Iraqi sovereignty.

Observers note that political parties must now rise to the occasion, ceding influence to ensure the Peshmerga evolves into a national, professional force. Only through unity, rigorous doctrine, and continuous adaptation can Iraqi Kurdistan withstand internal and external threats while contributing to Iraq’s overall security.

“Building this force is not a short-term project—it’s a generational undertaking,” said a defense analyst in Erbil. “But if done correctly, it will stabilize Kurdistan and strengthen Iraq as a whole.”

#Peshmerga #KurdistanDefense #MilitaryDoctrine #IraqSecurity #RegionalStability #DefenseReform #NationalArmy

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